Phytochemical Analysis and Assessment of Antibacterial and Antioxidant Activities of Phytolacca dodecandra L. Herit Leaf Extracts (Phytolaccaceae)
Jeff Bekomo Iteku,
Ornella Mbayi,
Gedeon Ngiala Bongo,
Paulin Kapepula Mutwale,
Jose Mulwahali Wambale,
Emmanuel Lengbiye,
Clement Liyongo Inkoto,
Samy Ngunde Ngunde,
Koto-te-Nyiwa Ngbolua
Issue:
Volume 5, Issue 3, September 2019
Pages:
31-39
Received:
23 August 2019
Accepted:
26 September 2019
Published:
11 October 2019
Abstract: From times immemorial, medicinal plants have been used to relieve and cure human diseases. Currently, the control of bacterial infections is becoming complex due to the concern of antibiotic resistance, which has been a significant global health problem. The aim of this work was to determine the phytochemical composition as well as to assess the bioactivities of Phytolacca dodecandra leaf extracts. The leaves of P. dodecandra were collected in January 2017 at Yakoma city, Nord-Ubangi, DRC. Three bacterial strains namely Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923, Escherichia coli ATCC 8739 and Pseudomonas aeroginosa ATCC 9027 were used for the assessment of the antibacterial activity. The qualitative and quantitative phytochemical screening were used for compound identification. The antioxidant activity was assessed using ABTS and DPPH scavenging tests while the antibacterial activity was performed using the diffusion method. The findings show that leaves of this plant are rich in flavonoids, anthocyanins, terpenoids and irrioids. The inhibitory concentration 50 (IC50) values obtained in the ATBS test are lower than those of the DPPH test. The antibacterial activity of this plant was low against the three strains used. These in vitro findings show that medicinal plants have very important biological properties that have many applications in various fields such as medicine, pharmacy and agriculture.
Abstract: From times immemorial, medicinal plants have been used to relieve and cure human diseases. Currently, the control of bacterial infections is becoming complex due to the concern of antibiotic resistance, which has been a significant global health problem. The aim of this work was to determine the phytochemical composition as well as to assess the bi...
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Ampicillin Resistance in Haemophilus influenzae Isolated from Acute Respiratory Infections in Pediatrics
Abdoulaye Diop,
Assane Dieng,
Abdoulaye Seck,
Amary Fall,
Amadou Diop,
Djibril Boiro,
Jean Baptisse Niokhor Diouf,
Modou Gueye,
Mbayame Niang,
Makhtar Camara,
Cheikh Saad Bouh Boye
Issue:
Volume 5, Issue 3, September 2019
Pages:
40-44
Received:
20 February 2019
Accepted:
10 April 2019
Published:
16 October 2019
Abstract: Haemophilus influenzae is a bacterium that can cause severe infections, occurring mostly in infants and children younger than five years of age. Antibiotic treatment may cause the emergence of resistant H. influenzae strains, particularly ampicillin-resistant strains. Antimicrobial resistance is a public health threat worldwide, particularly in the developing world. H. influenzae strains have been isolated from broncho-alveolar lavages (BALs), nasopharyngeal swabs, and otitis media from children in two paediatric centers at Dakar, Senegal. Antibiotic susceptibility testing was carried out using strips E Test ®t method that provides the ability to precisely determine the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC). A total of 16 H. influenzae strains have been isolated and identified, including 16.7% of ampicillin-resistant patterns (all β-lactamase-negative), 9.4% of the isolates were resistant to cefaclor (MIC90 = 16 µg/ml) while 100% were susceptible to cefixime to (MIC90 = 0.38 µg/ml). Interestingly, fluoroquinolones were fully active with very low MIC90. Macrolide were still active against H. influenzae isoles although with higher MIC azitrhomycin MIC90= 3µg/ml, clarithromycin MIC90= 12µg/ml. Ampicillin-resistance has become increasingly reported in H. influenzae, suggesting a continuous laboratory based surveillance for antimicrobial resistance pattern for a better management of acute respiratory infections, particularly in low incomes settings.
Abstract: Haemophilus influenzae is a bacterium that can cause severe infections, occurring mostly in infants and children younger than five years of age. Antibiotic treatment may cause the emergence of resistant H. influenzae strains, particularly ampicillin-resistant strains. Antimicrobial resistance is a public health threat worldwide, particularly in the...
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Automated Parasite’s Detection in Microscopic Images of Stools Using Distance Regularized Level Set Evolution Initialized with Hough Transform
Oscar Takam Nkamgang,
Daniel Tchiotsop,
Beaudelaire Saha Tchinda,
Hilaire Bertand Fotsin
Issue:
Volume 5, Issue 3, September 2019
Pages:
45-58
Received:
20 August 2019
Accepted:
16 September 2019
Published:
23 October 2019
Abstract: Background and purpose: The analysis of biomedical microscopic images is carried out manually in medical laboratories. The manual analysis of clinical images lets to both repetitive tasks and management of huge amounts of data. This is tedious and times consuming for laboratory technicians. Inevitably, it is also prone to human errors. Our objective in this work is to contribute to the automation of the analysis of microscopic images of stools using Distance Regularized Level Set Evolution automatically initialized by Hough transform. Method: We firstly converted the microscopic images to edge maps using canny algorithm. Next, we located the parasite through circular Hough transform and draw circles around them. Those circles stand as initial contours of DRLSE. The contours evolve until they fit the boundaries of the parasites. The final extraction is performed using a complementary method based on the signed distance character of the level set function. Results: The Distance Regularized Level Set Evolution has been automatically initialized. We applied our method to the detection of intestinal parasites in microscopic images. Experimental results show accurate, efficient and less time consuming of our scheme compared to others recently proposed in the literature. Conclusion: This is a notable contribution to the automation of stools examination in the medical laboratories. In forthcoming works, we plan to include this segmentation process in an expert system of parasitic diseases diagnosis.
Abstract: Background and purpose: The analysis of biomedical microscopic images is carried out manually in medical laboratories. The manual analysis of clinical images lets to both repetitive tasks and management of huge amounts of data. This is tedious and times consuming for laboratory technicians. Inevitably, it is also prone to human errors. Our objectiv...
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